![]() He reportedly conducted 35 experiments and, with the resulting data, published three manuscripts in 1901 describing the fracture patterns that have come to be termed LeFort I, II, and III. Le Fort would apply varying degrees of blunt force to severed and attached cadaver heads with a wooden club, a metal shaft, and reportedly a cannon ball. His prior military career prompted Le Fort to experiment with facial trauma to better identify fracture patterns following blunt injury. Following medical school graduation at age 22, Le Fort pursued a career in military medicine before returning to his alma mater to teach. René Le Fort was a prominent French surgeon in the late 19th and early 20th century. Careful attention should be paid to evaluate for additional facial or intracranial injuries as Le Fort fractures are frequently seen in association with concomitant life threatening injuries given the mechanisms of injury and the degree of force necessary to produce these fracture patterns. Management involves surgical correction for significantly displaced fractures with clinical: function and/or esthetic consequences. However, it is not a specific finding and presence of pterygoid plate involvement does not confirm a Le Fort fracture. Significantly, a pterygoid fracture is highly sensitive for a Le Fort fracture and is present in all three fracture variations. These fractures are often present asymmetrically. Physical exam is important however, diagnosis and classification are largely dependent on radiological findings. These fractures are designated Le Fort I, Le Fort II, and Le Fort III respectively. Le Fort fractures are classified by direction of fracture pattern: horizontal, pyramidal, or transverse. Common etiologies include assault, facial trauma in contact sports, motor vehicle accidents (MVA), or falls from significant heights. Initially described in 1901 by French surgeon René Le Fort (1869-1951), LeFort fractures represent a group of midface fractures that occur following blunt trauma and follow areas of structural weakness. 5.3.2 Closed Method (less preferred in contemporary practice).5.3.1 Open Method (most commonly used today).3.5.3 Le Fort Type III (Transverse, aka Craniofacial Dysfunction).
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